Al Ries is a marketing professional and author. He is also the co-founder and chairman of the Atlanta-based consulting firm Ries & Ries with his partner and daughter, Laura Ries. Along with Jack Trout, Ries coined the term "positioning", as related to the field of marketing, and authored Positioning: The Battle For Your Mind, an industry standard on the subject.
Jack Trout is an owner of Trout & Partners, a consulting firm. He is one of the founders and pioneers of positioning theory and also marketing warfare theory.